Page 175 - Cyber Defense eMagazine RSAC Special Edition 2025

Key Vulnerabilities in Connected Vehicles

The rise of electric vehicles (EVs), autonomous driving systems, and over-the-air (OTA) updates has
introduced complex cybersecurity risks. Hackers can exploit weaknesses in ECUs (electronic control
units), Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connections, and even tire pressure monitoring systems. Without proper
defenses, cyberattacks could lead to vehicle theft, compromised safety features, or even remote
hijacking.

Technologies Driving Cybersecurity Innovation in 2025

With cybersecurity fast becoming a pillar of automotive design, 2025 will be defined by the next wave of
protection technologies and regulatory milestones.

AI-Driven Threat Detection

In 2025, Artificial Intelligence (AI) will take a front seat in detecting and responding to cyber threats in real
time. Machine learning models will be embedded in vehicles to recognize unusual patterns, isolate threats
instantly, and update defenses proactively. These systems will learn from each attack attempt — evolving
continuously to stay one step ahead of bad actors.

Secure Vehicle Architecture

Automakers are shifting to a "security by design" philosophy. Centralized software-defined vehicle
architectures — like zonal control and integrated domain controllers — will replace older, fragmented
designs. This transition simplifies cybersecurity implementation and ensures consistent protection across
all vehicle functions.

Blockchain for Data Integrity

As cars increasingly share data with each other and with infrastructure, ensuring the authenticity and
immutability of that data is crucial. Blockchain technology is emerging as a powerful tool to verify data
transactions, manage OTA updates securely, and prevent unauthorized code injection.

Regulatory Momentum

2025 is also expected to see a rise in global cybersecurity regulations. UNECE WP.29 mandates for
cybersecurity management systems are already shaping the industry. The U.S., Europe, and Asia are
following suit with stricter requirements for securing software, hardware, and vehicle communication
layers. Compliance will no longer be optional — it will be the baseline for vehicle approval.

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